官方文档权限介绍
The Docker daemon binds to a Unix socket instead of a TCP port. By default that Unix socket is owned by the user `root` and other users can only access it using `sudo`. The Docker daemon always runs as the `root` user.

If you don’t want to preface the docker command with sudo, create a Unix group called docker and add users to it. When the Docker daemon starts, it creates a Unix socket accessible by members of the docker group.

普通用户执行权限添加
创建 docker 用户组
sudo groupadd docker
添加你想用普通用户权限的用户名到 docker 用户组
sudo usermod -aG docker $USE
系统重启后就可以使用普通用户权限执行 docker, 如果不想重启,可以使用下面的命令更新并激活组权限
newgrp docker
验证设置是否成功
docker run hello-world
如果出现下面错误提示,建议重启电脑:
WARNING: Error loading config file: /home/user/.docker/config.json -
stat /home/user/.docker/config.json: permission denied